According to eningbo, Uganda in 2012 was a sovereign nation located in East Africa with a total land area of 241,038 km2 and a population of around 34 million people. The capital city is Kampala which is home to around 1.5 million people. The official language is English although Swahili and Luganda are also widely spoken. Uganda has a long history stretching back thousands of years when it was first inhabited by the Bantu peoples who migrated from West Africa in the early centuries AD. It achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1962 when it became a constitutional republic with an elected president as head of state. The economy of Uganda is largely driven by its agriculture sector which accounts for around 30% of GDP while services and industry are also important sectors. Major exports include coffee, tea, fish and minerals which are exported to countries such as China, India and Germany. Despite its strong economic performance there are still areas where poverty remains an issue with some estimates suggesting that around 41% of the population lives below the poverty line. The government has made efforts to reduce poverty through initiatives such as microfinance schemes but more needs to be done to ensure that all members of society benefit from economic growth and development. Additionally, due to its location on the equator Uganda is highly vulnerable to climate change with extreme weather patterns leading to droughts and floods which can have devastating impacts on agricultural production as well as causing displacement amongst vulnerable communities. Uganda is a landlocked country located in East Africa, bordered by Kenya, Sudan, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania. It has a population of around 37 million people and a total land area of 241,038 square kilometers. The capital city is Kampala with a population of 1.6 million people. The climate in Uganda is tropical with temperatures ranging from 18 to 28 degrees Celsius throughout the year. The official language spoken in Uganda is English although there are numerous other local languages recognized as well including Swahili and Luganda. The currency used in the country is the Ugandan shilling (UGX). The economy of Uganda relies heavily on subsistence agriculture which accounts for around 80% of employment in the country. Other important sectors include mining, manufacturing and services such as banking and tourism. The government has also recently placed emphasis on developing energy resources such as hydroelectricity to meet growing demands for electricity across the region. Uganda has a rich cultural heritage that dates back centuries before its independence from Britain in 1962. Traditional music and dance remain popular forms of entertainment while handicrafts such as weaving are still practiced by many Ugandans today. Religion also plays an important role with Christianity being dominant followed by Islam and traditional African beliefs. Politically, Uganda is a republic with executive power vested in President Yoweri Museveni who was first elected in 1986 after leading an armed struggle against military dictatorship that had been ruling since 1971 until then. A unicameral parliamentary system exists within the country that consists of members elected through universal suffrage every five years alongside presidential elections held every seven years or earlier if needed. Despite facing numerous challenges such as poverty, HIV/AIDS and gender inequality, Uganda continues to make progress towards achieving its development goals outlined by the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Check computerannals for Uganda in 2003.